Effect of Cytokine Interplay on Macrophage Polarization during Chronic Pulmonary Infection with Cryptococcus neoformans
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Macrophage M1/M2 Polarization Dynamically Adapts to Changes in Cytokine Microenvironments in Cryptococcus neoformans Infection
The outcome of cryptococcal pneumonia correlates with local macrophage polarization status, as M1 and M2 polarization marks protective and nonprotective responses, respectively. Overall, pulmonary macrophage polarization status changes over time during a cryptococcal infection. This could have been caused by repolarization of individual macrophages or by a replacement of M2-polarized cells by n...
متن کاملCryptococcus neoformans gene expression during murine macrophage infection.
The fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans survives phagocytosis by macrophages and proliferates within, ultimately establishing latent infection as a facultative intracellular pathogen that can escape macrophage control to cause disseminated disease. This process is hypothesized to be important for C. neoformans pathogenesis; however, it is poorly understood how C. neoformans adapts to and ov...
متن کاملCCR2 expression determines T1 versus T2 polarization during pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection.
Pulmonary clearance of the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans requires the development of T1-type immunity. The objective of this study was to determine the role of CCR2 in leukocyte recruitment and development of T1-type cell-mediated immunity during pulmonary C. neoformans infection. Intratracheal inoculation of C. neoformans into CCR2 knockout (CCR2-/-) mice produced a prolonged pulm...
متن کاملPathogenesis of pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection in the rat.
The pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans pulmonary infection in the rat was studied after intratracheal inoculation. Lungs were examined at various times following infection for histopathology in conjunction with macrophage markers, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and capsular glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) antigen. Serum GXM, immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG titers and organ fungal burd...
متن کاملEffect of amphotericin B on capsule and cell size in Cryptococcus neoformans during murine infection.
Antifungal drugs can affect the cellular morphology of Cryptococcus neoformans in culture, which alters its interactions with phagocytes. We examined the effects of amphotericin B on C. neoformans during murine infection. The antifungal reduced capsule size and serum polysaccharide, which suggests an additional mechanism for amphotericin B's efficacy in cryptococcosis.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Infection and Immunity
سال: 2011
ISSN: 0019-9567,1098-5522
DOI: 10.1128/iai.01270-10